How To Give Yourself A Shot – An intramuscular injection delivers medicine into the muscle. Doctors often use intramuscular injections to give vaccines and certain other medications.
People with specific conditions, such as multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis, must give themselves this type of injection at home. They can also ask a therapist to help.
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Intramuscular injections offer several advantages over other types of delivery methods, such as oral, intravenous, and subcutaneous injections into fatty tissue under the skin.
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Intramuscular injections also have other benefits. The muscles have an abundant blood supply, which helps ensure that the body absorbs the drug quickly. Muscle tissue can also contain more drugs than fat tissue.
The deltoid muscle is the most common site for injections. This muscle is in the upper arm near the shoulder.
It can only accept small volumes of medication, usually 1 milliliter or less. Therefore, doctors do not use it for drugs that require larger amounts.
People who self-medicate rarely use the deltoid as an injection site, as it is difficult for them to reach.
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To find the deltoid muscle, one feels the bone at the top of the upper arm. Two finger widths below it is a triangular muscle. The needle must enter the center of the triangle.
This muscle is a very safe injection site for adults and infants over 7 months of age because it is thick and distant from major nerves and blood vessels. But it can be challenging to administer medication in the hip yourself.
To find the ventrogluteal muscle on another, place the heel of the hand on the thigh, with the fingers toward the head. The thumb should point to the body.
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Place your index and middle fingers in the V and then make the shot in the middle of the V.
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Before doctors started using the thigh as an injection site, they used the dorsogluteal muscles in the buttock. They now tend to avoid using these muscles because of the potential risk of sciatic nerve injury.
A healthcare professional must provide training and education to people before asking them to give intramuscular injections to themselves or another person.
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water. Pay attention to the area between the fingers and under the nails.
A doctor should advise on the type of needle to use. It should be long enough to reach deep into the muscle tissue.
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Most adults will require a 1-inch needle, but the exact size depends on the person’s weight. It is essential to ask a doctor or pharmacist what size needle to use before giving an injection.
Locate the injection site according to the instructions above. Gently spread the skin between two fingers and leave the muscles relaxed. Clean the skin with the alcohol swab and let it air dry.
If you are using a multidose vial, record the date you first opened it. Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab.
Remove the cap from the syringe. Draw air into the injector by pulling the plunger back. Fill the syringe with air to the same level as the dose of the medicine.
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Remove the cap from the needle and push it through the top of the vial. Inject all the air into the vial.
Turn the bottle and syringe upside down so the needle is pointing up. Pull back the plunger to fill the syringe with the correct amount of medication.
Remove air bubbles by gently tapping the syringe and depressing the plunger. Avoid touching the needle to keep it clean.
Insert the needle into the muscle at a 90 degree angle. Use your index finger and thumb to steady the syringe while using your other hand to pull back the plunger slightly to look for blood.
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If there is blood, it means that the needle is in a blood vessel and not in a muscle. Discard and start again with a new needle, syringe and injection site.
If there is no blood, the needle is in the correct position. Press the plunger of the syringe to inject the medicine.
Using gauze, apply light pressure to the injection site. Light bleeding at the injection site is normal, but a person can use a bandage if necessary.
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Intramuscular injections are a common and effective way to administer drugs. There are several possible sites for intramuscular injections, including the shoulder, hip, and thigh.
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People who need to self-inject should ask their doctor for advice and guidance, and familiarize themselves with the process before injecting. Alternatively, a family member or trained caregiver can administer the injection.
It is essential to seek medical help if a person experiences prolonged or severe side effects after the injection.
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In this type of injection, a short needle is used to inject medicine into the layer of tissue between the skin and the muscle. Medicines given this way are usually absorbed more slowly than intravenously, sometimes over a 24-hour period.
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This type of injection is used when other methods of administration may be less effective. For example, some drugs cannot be given orally because stomach acids and enzymes destroy them.
Other methods, such as intravenous injection, can be difficult and expensive. For small amounts of delicate medicines, a subcutaneous injection can be a useful, safe and convenient method of getting medicine into your body.
Drugs given by subcutaneous injection include drugs that can be given in small volumes (usually less than 1 mL, but up to 2 mL is safe). Insulin and some hormones are usually given as subcutaneous injections.
Other drugs that need to be given very quickly can also be given by subcutaneous injection. Epinephrine comes in the form of an automatic injection, called an EpiPen, which is used to quickly treat severe allergic reactions. Although it is intended for intramuscular administration, epinephrine will also work when given subcutaneously.
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Certain pain medications such as morphine and hydromorphone (Dilaudid) can also be given this way. Medicines that prevent nausea and vomiting such as metoclopramide (Reglan) or dexamethasone (Dexpec) may also be given by subcutaneous injection.
Some vaccines and allergy shots are given by subcutaneous injection. Many other vaccines are given as an intramuscular injection – into the muscle tissue and not under the skin.
The location of the injection is important for subcutaneous injections. The medicine must be injected into the fatty tissue just under the skin. Some areas of the body have a more accessible layer of tissue, where a needle injection under the skin will not touch muscles, bones or blood vessels.
1. Wash your hands. Wash your hands with warm soapy water to avoid possible contamination. Be sure to rub well between the fingers, on the backs of the hands and under the nails. God
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3. Clean and inspect the injection site. Before injecting medication, check the skin to make sure there are no bruises, burns, swelling, hardness, or irritation in the area. Alternate injection sites to prevent damage to the area with repeated injections. Then you need to clean the skin with an alcohol swab. Allow the alcohol to dry thoroughly before injection.
4. Prepare the syringe with medication. Before taking a medicine out of a bottle and injecting yourself or someone else, make sure you are using the right medicine, in the right dose, at the right time and in the right way. Use a new needle and syringe with each injection.
Remove the cap from the vial. If the vial is multi-dose, record when the vial was first opened. Clean the rubber stopper with an alcohol swab.
Draw air into the syringe. Pull the plunger back to fill the syringe with air up to the dose you will inject. This is done because the vial is a vacuum, and you need to add an equal amount of air to regulate the pressure. This makes it easier to draw the medicine into the syringe. But don’t worry – if you forget this step, you can still get the medicine out of the bottle.
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Add air into the vial. Remove the cap from the needle and push the needle through the rubber stopper at the top of the vial. Inject all the air into the vial. Be careful not to touch the needle to keep it clean.
Remove the medicine. Turn the vial and syringe upside down so the needle is pointing up. Then pull back on the plunger to withdraw the correct amount of medication.
Remove all air bubbles. Tap the syringe to push all the bubbles up and gently press the plunger to push out the air bubbles.
Cut your skin. Take a large pinch of skin between yours
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